{"id":126,"date":"2022-04-03T22:17:58","date_gmt":"2022-04-03T20:17:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zaverecne-prace.ucimesaweby.sk\/steinbach\/?page_id=126"},"modified":"2022-05-14T22:55:18","modified_gmt":"2022-05-14T20:55:18","slug":"historia-vyroby-babik","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/zaverecne-prace.ucimesaweby.sk\/steinbach\/historia-vyroby-babik\/","title":{"rendered":"Hist\u00f3ria v\u00fdroby b\u00e1bik"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Postavi\u010dka b\u00e1biky je z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm prvkom pre kone\u010dn\u00fd produkt krojovanej b\u00e1biky. V\u00fdroba b\u00e1bik sa po\u010das hist\u00f3rie ich v\u00fdvoja nieko\u013ekokr\u00e1t zmenila spolu s objavmi nov\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov a zmenami po\u017eiadaviek z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov na ich tvar a kvalitu. Aktu\u00e1lne v\u00fdrobcovia krojovan\u00fdch b\u00e1bik vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa predov\u0161etk\u00fdm b\u00e1biky vyroben\u00e9 z vynilu alebo porcel\u00e1nu. Popul\u00e1rne s\u00fa aj textiln\u00e9 b\u00e1biky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Krojovan\u00e9 b\u00e1biky z dielne Veroniky Cetliovej, Pie\u0161\u0165any<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Postavi\u010dky z r\u00f4znych materi\u00e1lov m\u00f4\u017eeme n\u00e1js\u0165 v takmer ka\u017edej kult\u00fare. Z archeologick\u00fdch n\u00e1lezov vieme, \u017ee deti si hrali s b\u00e1bikami u\u017e v starovekom Egypte alebo \u010c\u00edne. \u010casto je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 rozhodn\u00fa\u0165 kedy sa jedn\u00e1 o ritu\u00e1lny symbol a kedy o hra\u010dku. Koncom 15. storo\u010dia sa v Nemecku za\u010dali vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 dreven\u00e9 b\u00e1biky v prvej manufakt\u00farnej v\u00fdrobe. Hromadn\u00e1 v\u00fdroba hra\u010diek sa rozvinula v 16. storo\u010d\u00ed, av\u0161ak boli ur\u010den\u00e9 iba de\u0165om z bohat\u00fdch \u0161\u013eachtick\u00fdch rod\u00edn. Najviac pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly boli drevo so sadrou, textil a v Anglicku aj vosk. \u0160\u013eachtick\u00e9 rodiny si nech\u00e1vali vyrobi\u0165 m\u00f3dne b\u00e1biky s honosn\u00fdmi \u0161atami, ktor\u00e9 prezentovali vtedaj\u0161iu m\u00f3du.  Predov\u0161etk\u00fdm vo Franc\u00fazsku a Anglicku m\u00f3dne b\u00e1biky posielali mu\u017ei man\u017eelk\u00e1m, aby mali preh\u013ead o aktu\u00e1lnej m\u00f3de. B\u00e1biky mali \u0161aty \u0161it\u00e9 na mieru a v\u0161etky mo\u017en\u00e9 doplnky (Dimby 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S n\u00e1stupom priemyselnej revol\u00facie v 17. storo\u010d\u00ed boli hra\u010dky finan\u010dne dostupnej\u0161\u00ed a dostali sa aj do menej majetn\u00fdch rod\u00edn. V roku 1810 bol objaven\u00fd nov\u00fd materi\u00e1l \u2013 papierma\u0161\u00e9, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148oval v\u00fdrobcom lacno a prec\u00edznej\u0161ie tvarova\u0165 tv\u00e1ri\u010dku b\u00e1biky do najmen\u0161\u00edch detailov. V 19. storo\u010d\u00ed sa na v\u00fdrobu hlavi\u010dky pou\u017e\u00edval porcel\u00e1n, nesk\u00f4r nepolievan\u00fd matn\u00fd porcel\u00e1n (biskvit), ktor\u00fd d\u00e1val tv\u00e1ri\u010dke prirodzen\u00fd vzh\u013ead. Za\u010dali sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ohybn\u00e9 k\u013aby a b\u00e1biky mohli pohybova\u0165 kon\u010datinami. B\u00e1biky v\u0161ak st\u00e1le predstavovali dospel\u00fa \u017eenu. A\u017e na za\u010diatku 20. storo\u010dia sa postupne presadzovali b\u00e1biky – b\u00e1b\u00e4tka. Objavili sa nov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly \u2013 celuloid a guma. V druhej polovine 20. storo\u010dia pri\u0161lo lacn\u00e9 a ide\u00e1lne rie\u0161enie materi\u00e1lu pre v\u00fdrobu b\u00e1bik – vinyl. B\u00e1biky sa za\u010dali vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 vo ve\u013ekom a mohli si ju k\u00fapi\u0165 a menej majetnej\u0161ie rodiny (Muzeum hra\u010dek 2019).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"\"\/
B\u00e1bika (biskvit) z dielne F. J. Kestnera z 18.stor. B\u00e1bika s dobovou v\u00fdbavou z dielne Simon a Halbig z 19.stor. (Muzeum hra\u010dek 2019)<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Zoznam pou\u017eit\u00fdch zdrojov:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

DIMBY, Charlote sy, 2019. The history of dolls [online]. 2019  [cit. 2021-11-25]. Dostupn\u00e9 na:  https:\/\/charlottesydimby.com\/blogs\/news\/the-history-of-dolls<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

MUZEUM HRA\u010cEK, 2019. Historie hra\u010dek. In: Muzeum hra\u010dek Rychnov nad Kn\u011b\u017enou<\/em> [online]. 2019  [cit. 2021-11-25]. Dostupn\u00e9 na: http:\/\/www.muzeumhracek-rk.cz\/historie-hracek\/<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Postavi\u010dka b\u00e1biky je z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm prvkom pre kone\u010dn\u00fd produkt krojovanej b\u00e1biky. V\u00fdroba b\u00e1bik sa po\u010das hist\u00f3rie ich v\u00fdvoja nieko\u013ekokr\u00e1t zmenila spolu s objavmi nov\u00fdch materi\u00e1lov a zmenami po\u017eiadaviek z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov na ich tvar a kvalitu. Aktu\u00e1lne v\u00fdrobcovia krojovan\u00fdch b\u00e1bik vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa predov\u0161etk\u00fdm b\u00e1biky vyroben\u00e9 z vynilu alebo porcel\u00e1nu. Popul\u00e1rne s\u00fa aj textiln\u00e9 b\u00e1biky. Postavi\u010dky z r\u00f4znych materi\u00e1lov m\u00f4\u017eeme n\u00e1js\u0165 v takmer ka\u017edej kult\u00fare. Z archeologick\u00fdch n\u00e1lezov vieme, \u017ee deti si hrali s b\u00e1bikami u\u017e v starovekom Egypte alebo \u010c\u00edne. \u010casto je \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 rozhodn\u00fa\u0165 kedy sa jedn\u00e1 o ritu\u00e1lny symbol a kedy o hra\u010dku. Koncom 15. storo\u010dia sa v Nemecku za\u010dali vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 dreven\u00e9 b\u00e1biky v prvej manufakt\u00farnej v\u00fdrobe. Hromadn\u00e1 v\u00fdroba hra\u010diek sa rozvinula v 16. storo\u010d\u00ed, av\u0161ak boli ur\u010den\u00e9 iba de\u0165om z bohat\u00fdch \u0161\u013eachtick\u00fdch rod\u00edn. Najviac pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly boli drevo so sadrou, textil a v Anglicku aj vosk. \u0160\u013eachtick\u00e9 rodiny si nech\u00e1vali vyrobi\u0165 m\u00f3dne b\u00e1biky s honosn\u00fdmi \u0161atami, ktor\u00e9 prezentovali vtedaj\u0161iu m\u00f3du.  Predov\u0161etk\u00fdm vo Franc\u00fazsku a Anglicku m\u00f3dne b\u00e1biky posielali mu\u017ei man\u017eelk\u00e1m, aby mali preh\u013ead o aktu\u00e1lnej m\u00f3de. B\u00e1biky mali \u0161aty \u0161it\u00e9 na mieru a v\u0161etky mo\u017en\u00e9 doplnky (Dimby 2019). S n\u00e1stupom priemyselnej revol\u00facie v 17. storo\u010d\u00ed boli hra\u010dky finan\u010dne dostupnej\u0161\u00ed a dostali sa aj do menej majetn\u00fdch rod\u00edn. V roku 1810 bol objaven\u00fd nov\u00fd materi\u00e1l \u2013 papierma\u0161\u00e9, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148oval v\u00fdrobcom lacno a prec\u00edznej\u0161ie tvarova\u0165 tv\u00e1ri\u010dku b\u00e1biky do najmen\u0161\u00edch detailov. V 19. storo\u010d\u00ed sa na v\u00fdrobu hlavi\u010dky pou\u017e\u00edval porcel\u00e1n, nesk\u00f4r nepolievan\u00fd matn\u00fd porcel\u00e1n (biskvit), ktor\u00fd d\u00e1val tv\u00e1ri\u010dke prirodzen\u00fd vzh\u013ead. Za\u010dali sa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 ohybn\u00e9 k\u013aby a b\u00e1biky mohli pohybova\u0165 kon\u010datinami. B\u00e1biky v\u0161ak st\u00e1le predstavovali dospel\u00fa \u017eenu. A\u017e na za\u010diatku 20. storo\u010dia sa postupne presadzovali b\u00e1biky – b\u00e1b\u00e4tka. Objavili sa nov\u00e9 materi\u00e1ly \u2013 celuloid a guma. V druhej polovine 20. storo\u010dia pri\u0161lo lacn\u00e9 a ide\u00e1lne rie\u0161enie materi\u00e1lu pre v\u00fdrobu b\u00e1bik – vinyl. B\u00e1biky sa za\u010dali vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 vo ve\u013ekom a mohli si ju k\u00fapi\u0165 a menej majetnej\u0161ie rodiny (Muzeum hra\u010dek 2019).   Zoznam pou\u017eit\u00fdch zdrojov: DIMBY, Charlote sy, 2019. The history of dolls [online]. 2019  [cit. 2021-11-25]. Dostupn\u00e9 na:  https:\/\/charlottesydimby.com\/blogs\/news\/the-history-of-dolls MUZEUM HRA\u010cEK, 2019. Historie hra\u010dek. In: Muzeum hra\u010dek Rychnov nad Kn\u011b\u017enou [online]. 2019  [cit. 2021-11-25]. Dostupn\u00e9 na: http:\/\/www.muzeumhracek-rk.cz\/historie-hracek\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-126","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/zaverecne-prace.ucimesaweby.sk\/steinbach\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/zaverecne-prace.ucimesaweby.sk\/steinbach\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/zaverecne-prace.ucimesaweby.sk\/steinbach\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zaverecne-prace.ucimesaweby.sk\/steinbach\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/zaverecne-prace.ucimesaweby.sk\/steinbach\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=126"}],"version-history":[{"count":22,"href":"https:\/\/zaverecne-prace.ucimesaweby.sk\/steinbach\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/126\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1175,"href":"https:\/\/zaverecne-prace.ucimesaweby.sk\/steinbach\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/126\/revisions\/1175"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/zaverecne-prace.ucimesaweby.sk\/steinbach\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}