{"id":871,"date":"2024-04-07T14:48:47","date_gmt":"2024-04-07T12:48:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zaverecne-prace.ucimesaweby.sk\/smatanikova\/?p=871"},"modified":"2024-05-21T13:59:48","modified_gmt":"2024-05-21T11:59:48","slug":"koniec-ery-podmanickych-na-povazskom-hrade","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zaverecne-prace.ucimesaweby.sk\/smatanikova\/2024\/04\/07\/koniec-ery-podmanickych-na-povazskom-hrade\/","title":{"rendered":"Koniec \u00e9ry Podmanick\u00fdch na Pova\u017eskom hrade"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Po bitke pri Moh\u00e1\u010di nastali v Uhorsku \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 \u010dasy. Pova\u017esk\u00fd regi\u00f3n sa st\u00e1va \u010fal\u0161\u00edm bojiskom, teraz tu v\u0161ak bojuj\u00fa kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e9 vojsk\u00e1. O tr\u00f3n bojovali dvaja korunovan\u00ed panovn\u00edci, J\u00e1n Z\u00e1po\u013esk\u00fd a Ferdinand Habsbursk\u00fd, \u010do vyvol\u00e1valo v krajine chaos. Jeden panovn\u00edk obdaroval svojich st\u00fapencov, zatia\u013e \u010do jeho oponent tieto don\u00e1cie neuzn\u00e1val, a tak vznikali spory. Bratia Podmanick\u00ed boli st\u00fapencami J\u00e1na Z\u00e1po\u013esk\u00e9ho, z \u010doho vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee sa sami museli br\u00e1ni\u0165 vo\u010di vojsk\u00e1m Ferdinanda, ktor\u00e9 \u00fato\u010dili na ich majetky. Podmanick\u00ed dok\u00e1zali odol\u00e1va\u0165 t\u00fdmto vojsk\u00e1m a po \u00fatokoch si za\u010dali sami plati\u0165 vlastn\u00fdch ozbrojencov, ktor\u00fdch si naj\u00edmali a rozmiestnili ich na dobre opevnen\u00e9 hrady. Bystrick\u00fd hrad mal d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fa polohu, preto sa ho Ferdinand sna\u017eil z\u00edska\u0165. Samotn\u00fdm Podmanick\u00fdm, ktor\u00ed zast\u00e1vali d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 funkcie v politickej sf\u00e9re, daroval majetky v Tren\u010d\u00edne, Nitre a na Morave. Bratia aj na\u010falej zostali vern\u00ed J\u00e1novi Z\u00e1po\u013esk\u00e9mu. Podmanick\u00ed vyu\u017eili tieto ne\u013eahk\u00e9 \u010dasy vo svoj prospech a za\u010dali sa obohacova\u0165 (Bel\u00e1s a Bel\u00e1s 2006).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Boli si vedom\u00ed svojej sily, ktor\u00fa za\u010dali vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 pri roz\u0161irovan\u00ed svojich majetkov. N\u00e1sil\u00edm obsadzovali majetky svojich nepriate\u013eov, na ktor\u00e9 n\u00e1sledne dostali  od J\u00e1na Z\u00e1po\u013esk\u00e9ho. Takto z\u00edskali Lednick\u00fd hrad a hrad Ko\u0161ecu. Znepriatelili si aj samotn\u00e9ho p\u00e1pe\u017ea, ke\u010f vyp\u00e1lili Nov\u00e9 Mesto nad V\u00e1hom, v ktorom s\u00eddlili benedikt\u00edni (Ko\u010di\u0161 1989). J\u00e1n Z\u00e1po\u013esk\u00fd prehliadal toto plienenie, ke\u010f\u017ee ich potreboval na svojej strane. Ke\u010f prestali boje, Podmanick\u00ed za\u010dali s\u00fadne vym\u00e1ha\u0165 majetky, ktor\u00e9 im boli n\u00e1siln\u00e9 zabrat\u00e9, nasp\u00e4\u0165 ale ne\u00faspe\u0161ne. J\u00e1n Podmanick\u00fd sa s t\u00fdmto v\u00fdsledkom nezmieril a za\u010dal prepad\u00e1va\u0165 majetky ich protivn\u00edkov, ktor\u00e9 si n\u00e1sledne privlastnil. Okolo roku 1530 sa bratia rozdelili a J\u00e1n pokra\u010doval vo svojom pl\u00e1ne nadobudn\u00fa\u0165 nov\u00e9 majetky (F\u00fcko 1944). Rafael zostal na Bystrickom hrade, kde sa staral o majetky, to v\u0161ak nevydr\u017ealo dlho. O p\u00e1r rokov vlastnil Rafael na Morave mno\u017estvo majetkov. Takto roz\u0161\u00edril Bystrick\u00e9 panstvo a\u017e po rieku Be\u010dvu, ktor\u00e1 pretek\u00e1 bl\u00edzko mesta Olomouc. Na bratov sa za\u010dali \u010doraz viac \u0161\u00edri\u0165 \u017ealoby, do\u0161lo to a\u017e do tak\u00e9ho bodu, kedy sa obyvatelia Moravy vzb\u00farili a vytla\u010dili Rafaela z Moravy. Odhaduje sa, \u017ee J\u00e1n a Rafael spolu vlastnili viac ako 450 majetkov (Bel\u00e1s a Bel\u00e1s 2006).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V roku 1542 zasadal snem v Bratislave, ktor\u00fd rozhodol, \u017ee bu\u010f bratia vr\u00e1tia v\u0161etky n\u00e1silne obsaden\u00e9 majetky, alebo p\u00f4jdu do vyhnanstva. O dva roky nato s\u013e\u00fabili bratia vernos\u0165 Ferdinandovi I. Habsbursk\u00e9ho. Snem, ktor\u00fd sa konal nasleduj\u00faci rok v Trnave zru\u0161il rozsudok o vyhnanstve, aj ke\u010f bratia st\u00e1le nevr\u00e1tili v\u0161etky majetky (Ko\u010di\u0161 1989). V ten ist\u00fd rok, 1545, zomiera na Bystrickom hrade J\u00e1n Podmanick\u00fd a zanech\u00e1va v\u0161etky majetky Rafaelovi. Mno\u017estvo \u013eud\u00ed si po jeho smrti vyd\u00fdchlo, \u010domu nasved\u010duj\u00fa aj z\u00e1znamy, v ktor\u00fdch sa objavuje: \u201enebolo pr\u00ed\u010diny, aby \u013eud za n\u00edm sm\u00fatil\u201c <\/em>(Bel\u00e1s a Bel\u00e1s 2006).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bystrick\u00fd hrad za\u017e\u00edva \u010fal\u0161ie stavebn\u00e9 \u00fapravy v ranorenesa\u010dnom \u0161t\u00fdle. Vstup do horn\u00e9ho hradu presunuli na severn\u00fa stranu, ktor\u00e1 pon\u00fakala lep\u0161iu obranu. Tento nov\u00fd hlavn\u00fd vstup mal zaveden\u00fd zdv\u00edhac\u00ed dreven\u00fd most\u00edk, pre zv\u00fd\u0161enie obrannej funkcie pristavali aj obrann\u00fa ba\u0161tu priamo pred vstup. K m\u00faru, ktor\u00fd sa nach\u00e1dzal na severnej strane, hne\u010f pri vstupnej br\u00e1ne, pribudlo nov\u00e9 dvojpodla\u017en\u00e9 pal\u00e1cov\u00e9 kr\u00eddlo. Takto bola obstavan\u00e1 cel\u00e1 severn\u00e1 strana. Pal\u00e1c prepojil ve\u017eu na z\u00e1padnej strane a v\u00fdchodn\u00fd pal\u00e1c. Severn\u00fd pal\u00e1c v sebe obsahoval aj klenut\u00fa vstupn\u00fa halu. Pr\u00edzemie sa prim\u00e1rne pou\u017e\u00edvalo ako hospod\u00e1rske priestory. \u010cas\u0165 druh\u00e9ho poschodia sa mala otv\u00e1ra\u0165 do exteri\u00e9ru. Nach\u00e1dzalo sa tam aj ozdobn\u00e9 z\u00e1bradlie (balustr\u00e1da), ktor\u00e9 malo v sebe zakomponovan\u00fd Rafaelov erb. K juhoz\u00e1padn\u00e9mu m\u00faru pribudla dvojpodla\u017en\u00e1 delov\u00e1 ba\u0161ta, ktor\u00e1 mala hradu zabezpe\u010di\u0165 lep\u0161iu ochranu proti paln\u00fdm zbraniam (B\u00f3na et al. 2018).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pod\u013ea v\u0161etk\u00e9ho sa mal Rafael v roku 1551 o\u017eeni\u0165, za \u017eenu si mal zobra\u0165 Janu z Lomnice, ktorej otec vlastnil hrad Brumov, ktor\u00fd sa nach\u00e1dza v okrese Zl\u00edn. Ke\u010f\u017ee bol Rafael v tej dobe v\u00e1\u017ene chor\u00fd, zabezpe\u010dil, aby hrad Bystrica s okolit\u00fdm panstvom z\u00edskala priamo jeho \u017eena. Hrad Bystrica by mal prejs\u0165 do vlastn\u00edctva kr\u00e1\u013ea iba v tom pr\u00edpade, ak jeho \u017eene vyplatia 12 000 zlat\u00fdch. Ferdinand I. prijal t\u00fato po\u017eiadavku a v roku 1554 sa st\u00e1va Jana z Lomnice majite\u013ekou hradu Bystrica a jeho okolit\u00e9ho panstva (Ko\u010di\u0161 1989). Rafael zomiera 13 rokov po J\u00e1novi, v roku 1558, ako posledn\u00fd z rodu Podmanick\u00fdch \u2013 jeho smr\u0165ou sa kon\u010d\u00ed zmienka o tomto rode na Pova\u017e\u00ed. Ako po J\u00e1novej, tak aj po Rafaelovej smrti si obyvatelia na Pova\u017e\u00ed vyd\u00fdchli. Jeho n\u00e1hrobn\u00fd kame\u0148 je umiestnen\u00fd vo farskom kostole v Pova\u017eskej Bystrici. Na konci jeho \u017eivota mu patrilo na Pova\u017e\u00ed okolo 65 ded\u00edn. <\/em>(F\u00fcko 1944).<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
Majetky Rafaela Podmanick\u00e9ho v roku 1558 (Bel\u00e1s a Bel\u00e1s 2006)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Bystrick\u00fd hrad aj s okolit\u00fdm panstvom patril rodine Podmanick\u00fdch viac ako 100 rokov. <\/em>Po\u010das tejto doby hrad za\u017eil svoj najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed rozmach. Odhaduje sa, \u017ee v tejto dobe mohlo hrad ob\u00fdva\u0165 okolo 400 \u013eud\u00ed. Pod\u013ea archeologick\u00fdch v\u00fdskumov sa na hrade nach\u00e1dzalo oloven\u00e9 potrubie, ktor\u00e9 viedlo z n\u00e1protivn\u00e9ho kopca. Tak Podmanick\u00ed zabezpe\u010dili, \u017ee bol hrad z\u00e1sobovan\u00fd vodou aj po\u010das jeho obliehania (Turo\u0161\u00edk 2021).<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Zoznam pou\u017eitej literat\u00fary:
BEL\u00c1S, Martin a\u00a0Milan BEL\u00c1S,(2006). Sl\u00e1va a\u00a0\u00fapadok hradu Bystrica.<\/em> [s. n.], 2006.
B\u00d3NA, M.; M. MATEJKA; \u0160. PALU\u0160; M. Z\u00c1BOJN\u00cdKOV\u00c1 a M.TURO\u0160\u00cdK, \u00a0<\/strong>(2018). \u017divot hradu Bystrica: Hist\u00f3ria a\u00a0desa\u0165ro\u010die nov\u00e9ho panstva.<\/em> Zdru\u017eenie hradu Bystrica, 2018. ISBN 978-80-973126-0-2.
F\u00dcK\u00d6, P., (1944). Podmanickovci a\u00a0dejiny Bystrick\u00e9ho hradu<\/em>. [s. n.], 1944.
KO\u010cI\u0160, J., (1989). Od \u010cacht\u00edc po Stre\u010dno<\/em>. Vydavate\u013estvo Osveta, 1989. ISBN 80-217-0053-X.
TURO\u0160\u00cdK, M.,(2023). Architektonick\u00e9 pamiatky a\u00a0pam\u00e4tihodnosti mesta Pova\u017esk\u00e1 Bystrica \u2013 centrum a\u00a0podhradie<\/em>. Vlastivedn\u00e9 m\u00fazeum v\u00a0Pova\u017eskej Bystrici, 2023. ISBN 978-80-973718-3-8.
TURO\u0160\u00cdK, M.,(2021). Architektonicko-dizajn\u00e9rsky re\u0161tart pam\u00e4te krajiny pod Pova\u017esk\u00fdm hradom<\/em>. Diplomov\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca. Juraj KOBAN (ved\u00faci z\u00e1vere\u010dnej pr\u00e1ce). Technick\u00e1 univerzita v\u00a0Ko\u0161iciach, 2021.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Po bitke pri Moh\u00e1\u010di nastali v Uhorsku \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 \u010dasy. Pova\u017esk\u00fd regi\u00f3n sa st\u00e1va \u010fal\u0161\u00edm bojiskom, teraz tu v\u0161ak bojuj\u00fa kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00e9 vojsk\u00e1. O tr\u00f3n bojovali dvaja korunovan\u00ed panovn\u00edci, J\u00e1n Z\u00e1po\u013esk\u00fd a Ferdinand Habsbursk\u00fd, \u010do vyvol\u00e1valo v krajine chaos. Jeden panovn\u00edk obdaroval svojich st\u00fapencov, zatia\u013e \u010do jeho oponent tieto don\u00e1cie neuzn\u00e1val, a tak vznikali spory. Bratia Podmanick\u00ed boli st\u00fapencami J\u00e1na Z\u00e1po\u013esk\u00e9ho, z \u010doho […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":346,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[9,5,7],"class_list":["post-871","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historia-hradu","tag-historia-hradu","tag-hrad-bystrica","tag-povazska-bystrica"],"yoast_head":"\nKoniec \u00e9ry Podmanick\u00fdch na Pova\u017eskom hrade - Zdru\u017eenie hradu Bystrica<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/zaverecne-prace.ucimesaweby.sk\/smatanikova\/2024\/04\/07\/koniec-ery-podmanickych-na-povazskom-hrade\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Koniec \u00e9ry Podmanick\u00fdch na Pova\u017eskom hrade - Zdru\u017eenie hradu Bystrica\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Po bitke pri Moh\u00e1\u010di nastali v Uhorsku \u0165a\u017ek\u00e9 \u010dasy. 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